INTRODUCTION

Scientific data on mammal species diversity has increased in the last 20 years due to the description of new taxa and systematic reviews based on the Phylogenetic Species Concept (^{Groves 2004}). As a result, the Neotropics continues to be the most diverse zoogeographical region regarding mammals with two orders, Rodentia and Chiroptera, presenting both highest species richness and taxonomic description rates (^{Burgin et al. 2018}). Besides revisionary studies, accurate estimative of bat diversity depends on analysis of samples collected in remote areas that also provide new natural history data; taxonomic identification also benefits from molecular technics such as barcoding (^{Galimberti et al. 2015}), as well as updated identification keys allowing more confidence in the identification of the species (^{Gregorin and Taddei 2002}, ^{Gardner 2008}, ^{Díaz et al. 2016}, ^{López-Baucells et al. 2016}). Thus, it is expected that new taxa and new geographical records would be revealed, enlightening our knowledge about distribution, phenotypical variation, and natural history data in South American bat taxa.

This is particularly true for some insectivore aerial bats from the families Thyropteridae, Natalidae, Emballonuri-dae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae. The last two families have some genera relatively easy to find (e.g. Molossus, Eptesicus, and Myotis), while others are rarely collected. Here we provide new records of Histiotus montanus (Philippi & Landbeck, 1861) (Vespertilionidae) with comments on external morphology and new ectoparasite-host associations for this species, and new records of Molossops neglectus^{Williams & Genoways, 1980} (Molossidae) with morphometric analysis in the genus Molossops to better understand the geographical variation in this species.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The analyzed material is housed at the Colecao de Mamíferos da Universidade Federal de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil (CMUFLA), the American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA (AMNH), and the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada (Appendix 1). Morphometric data of the holotype of Molossops neglectus was obtained from the original description (^{Williams and Genoways 1980}). The selected measurements are according to ^{Gregorin and Loureiro (2011)}, as follows: FAL - greatest length of forearm, GLS - greatest length of skull, C-M - upper toothrow length, BCB - braincase width, POB - post-orbital width, ZBR - zygomatic breadth, M-M - width between second upper molars, c-m - lower toothrow length, and MAL - greatest length of mandible. In order to visualize the morphometric variation, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed using a variance-covariance matrix. Only adult, based on the ossification of metacar-pals and phalanxes, female specimens were considered for PCA analysis due to the limited sampling for adult males (only one male was analyzed). All data were log-transformed for statistical tests (^{Gregorin et al. 2016}).

We performed two PCA rounds (^{Brown and Wicker 2000}) for Molossops. The first analysis included M. temminckii (Burmeister, 1854) from Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia, and M. neglectus from southern (southeastern Brazil) and northern (Suriname and Guyana) South America (Appendix 1). This analysis was intended to determine the distribution of individuals in the vectorial space comparing both species, particularly the distribution of both M. neglectus southern and northern groups using other species as a reference. The variable c-m was excluded from this analysis due to its absence in our M. temminckii samples. The second analysis only included samples of M. neglectus, it was performed using all nine variables, including c-m, and was intended to determine the distribution of both geographical groups of M. neglectus in the vectorial space. All analyses were performed in R software (^{R Core Team c2016}).

RESULTS

We recorded H. montanus from one adult male (CMUFLA 3024, Fig. 1a) collected in Chapada do Abanador, municipality of Minduri, state of Minas Gerais (Fig. 2). The climate of Chapada do Abanador is mild to cold reaching 4-5 ^oC in the winter. The area is located at 1549 m of altitude, and it is covered by "campo de altitude" at the plateau, a typical grassland vegetation that grows in high altitudes and over rocky formation (Fig. 1b), and semideciduous forest at the hillsides (^{Moras et al. 2013a}). This habitat is similar to that recorded by ^{Carvalho et al. (2013)} for the Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, at the limits between Minas Gerais and São Paulo states. The specimen was identified based on the following external characters: 1) Ears more elliptical than triangulars, 2) cocoa brown instead of light brown ears, 3) Distance between ears (6 mm) with a very low membrane (0.6 mm) connecting them, and 4) very narrow inner fold of ears, about 19 % of total width of ear, and not reaching the nostrils. This set of morphological characters warrants the identification of H. montanus in accordance with other authors (^{Gardner 2008}, ^{Carvalho et al. 2013}, ^{Díaz et al. 2016}). The diagnosis of H. montanus was also facilitated by direct comparison with one specimen of H. velatus (Geoffroy, 1824) (CMUFLA 132) from the lower stratum of Chapada do Abanador (900 m). Morphological differences between both species were also confirmed by comparison of specimens of H. velatus (CMUFLA 2327) from Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio collected at 1640 m and H. montanus record by Carvalho et al. (2013) from the same region, but up to 2192 m (Fig. 2).

Figure 1 Habitus and habitat of Histiotus montanus. a. H. montanus (CMUFLA 3024), note the deep orange-pigmented face; b. "Campo de altitude" vegetation with rocky outcrops at up 1500 m in the study area. Credits: Aloysio Souza de Moura. 

Figure 2 Records of Histtotus montanus and Molossops neglectus in the states of southeastern Brazil. 1 - Muzambinho (21°21'9.17"S -46°31'24.22"W, 990 m); 2 - Areado (21°23'44''S - 46°11'36"W, 826 m); 3 - Lavras (21°17'29''S - 44°59'13''W, 967 m); 4 - Chapada do Abanador, Minduri (21°35'39''S - 44°34'04''W, 1549 m); 5 - Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, Itamonte (22°8'28.5''S - 44°43'36.49''W, 1640 m); 6 - Piquete (22°36'01''S - 45°13'16''W, 890 m); 7 - Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin (22°32'S - 43°41'W, 703 m); 8 - Estação Biológica de Boracéia, Salesópolis (23°38'S - 45°52'W, 936 m); 9 - Itú (23°15'S - 47°18'W, 597 m); 10 - Estação Ecológica de Caetetus, Gália (22°26'S - 49°44'W, 530 m). 

Additional records of M. neglectus to southeastern Brazil were based on the capture of five specimens from three distinct sites (Fig. 2, Appendix 1). One specimen (CMUFLA 2491) comes from Piquete, Serra da Mantiqueira, a mountainous region bordering the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. Three specimens (CMUFLA 3142, 3143, 3156) were collected in Muzambinho and one (CMUFLA 3140) in Areado; both are very close municipalities in the southern state of Minas Gerais (Fig. 2). Individuals from Piquete and Muzambinho were netted in periurban areas and the individual from Areado was captured in a highly fragmented landscape.

Body dimensions of specimens of M. neglectus from southern (Table 1) are smaller when compared with northern samples (Fig. 3). PCA analyses, including or not M. temminckii (Figs. 3 and 4), resulted in a clear distinction between northern and southern samples of M. neglectus regarding size as indicated by PC1 (Fig. 4). When only M. neglectus individuals were included the distinction was clear, but even including M. temminckii, the distinction of both geographical groups of M. neglectus was observed though smaller. In the first analysis, including M. temminckii, PC1, that indicated size, was responsible for 90.1 % and PC2 for 4.9 % of total variation (Table 2). In the second analysis, including M. neglectus specimens only, PC1 was responsible for 68.3 % of variation and PC2 for 12.7 % (Table 2).

Figure 3 Plot of the first and second principal components based on nine external, skull, dentition, and mandibular variables for females of Molossops neglectus including n°rthern (triangles) and s°uthern (circles) samples only. 

Figure 4 Plot of the first and second principal component scores based on eight external, skull, dentition, and mandibular variables for females °f Molossops temminckii (diam°nds) and Molossops neglectus fr°m s°uth-ern (triangles) and n°rthern regi°ns (circles). 

DISCUSSION