MONTOYA GIRALDO, Andrea    VILLEGAS MURILLO, Johan Mauricio. Popular Consultations: Institutional Barriers and Tensions for Local Participation. []. , 20, 41, pp.101-126.   11--2021. ISSN 1692-2530.  https://doi.org/10.22395/ojum.v20n41a3.

This article reports on the controversies that have arisen at the legal and political levels in relation to mining exploration and exploitation in the municipalities, and the institutional barriers that citizens have faced in the use of this mechanism of citizen participation in relation to mining issues in the municipalities of Pueblorrico (Antioquia), Cajamarca (Tolima) and Córdoba (Quindío). For the construction of the case studies, we used qualitative research with a socio-legal approach and a documentary strategy accompanied by visits to the territory with the application of interviews to the actors involved in these processes, identifying that the citizens effectively faced practices deployed from the institutional level, which reflect the violation of the democratic guarantees that the State has the obligation to protect.

: citizen participation; environmental participation; popular consultation; institutional barriers; democracy.

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