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Revista Cuidarte
Print version ISSN 2216-0973
Abstract
DIAS, Ebiene Chaves; ROCHA, Jokasta Sousa; FERREIRA, Gabrielle Bemfica and PENA, Geórgia das Graças. Gluten-free and casein-free diet in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review. Rev Cuid [online]. 2018, vol.9, n.1, pp.2059-2073. ISSN 2216-0973. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.485.
Introduction
The gluten-free and casein-free diet is a common practice in Autism Spectrum Disorder, but without consensus regarding their clinical or cognitive benefit.
Objective
To review systematically the literature assessing gluten- and/or casein-free diet for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Materials and Methods
Systematic review of the literature analyzing original studies available until December 2016 in the databases: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and BDENF. The terms used for the search were autism, autism spectrum, autism and gluten-free, autism and casein-free diet. To better target the data search, the study used the PICO method (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome).
Results
In total, 22 articles were included, of which 13 were randomized clinical trials, four case studies, four cross-sectional studies, and one cohort. Of the total, 15 found a positive intervention association for the results evaluated and seven found no significant association.
Discussion
This work found much variability in sample size, age, intervention time, blinding, control, or more precise dietary analysis.
Conclusions
No scientific evidence supports using a gluten-free and casein-free diet in patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. There is a need for further, well-delineated studies, especially well-controlled, blinded randomized clinical trials with sample calculations that allow appropriate observation power for greater security in this practice.
Keywords : Autism Spectrum Disorder; Gluten; Casein; Review; Nutrition.