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Pensamiento Psicológico
Print version ISSN 1657-8961
Abstract
AGUIRRE-LOAIZA, Haney et al. Empathy and Theory of the Mind: A Comparison between Athletes and Non-Athletes. Pensam. psicol. [online]. 2020, vol.18, n.2, pp.114-129. Epub Dec 30, 2020. ISSN 1657-8961. https://doi.org/10.11144/javerianacali.ppsi18-2.etmc.
Objective.
To compare the social cognition dimension of Theory of Mind (ToM) and empathy between athletes and non-athletes.
Method.
A cross-sectional design was executed with intentional sampling, in which 46 athletes (Mage = 18.2, SD = 4.5) and 48 non-athletes (Mage = 20.2, SD= 3.5) completed the Empathy for Pain Task and the Gaze Test.
Results.
No differences were found in the ToM, t(92) = 1.21, p = 0.228, d = 0.25. The mixed factorial Anova, 3x2 indicated that the empathy behavior is homogeneous between conditions (neutral, accidental, and intentional) and groups (athletes and non-athletes), F(2, 92)= 0.127, p = 0.881, ηp2 = 0.001. However, the post-hoc analysis of Bonferroni showed favorable stimulus differences in neutral stimuli (p < 0.05).
Conclusion.
There is no variability of the ToM, and conditions of accident and intentionality at the empathic level; while in neutral condition the average differs favorably for athletes.
Keywords : Sports psychology; cognitive neuroscience; social cognition; athletic performance; neuropsychology.