Abstract

SANCHEZ-AGUIRRE, Rafael Andrés. Limits and power balances in the dispute for an insular caribbean territory: the case of San Andrés (1970-1991). Entramado [online]. 2015, vol.11, n.1, pp.106-123. ISSN 1900-3803.  https://doi.org/10.18041/entramado.2015v11n1.21108.

San Andrés Island has been a territory that various governments have claimed through the history. From the beginning of XX century (until today) different nations have disputed the control of this island -especially Nicaragua and Colombia (with the United States in the background). This paper reviews and analyses historical researches and newspaper articles -last ones published between 1970 and 1991, to consider structural factors implicated into the dynamics of governmental validation and imposition. It confirms that "physical power" (military force) and "antique legal treaties" have been fundamental pivots to sustain the legitimacy of territorial ownership and to justify the social control. Also, this work will see the appropriation of colombianidad by those with more seniority in the island -and recognized as raizales- as a problematic and malleable issue amid international border disputes. It also indicates some doubts on the judgment provided by the International Court of Justice in reference to San Andrés in 2012. This text is divided in five parts. The first one refers to the historical context of the sociopolitical process. The second one deals with information on legal titles and their uses in relation with dynamics of colombianización. The third one alludes to political international claims and the construction of "colombianity". The fourth one is a brief reflection on international justice. The last one offers a panoramic conclusion.

Keywords : San Andrés Island; balance of power Colombia; Nicaragua; international treaties; colombianización; raizal community.

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