Abstract

MORENO-GOMEZ, Luz Ángela; PELAEZ-RINCON, Orlando Faber  and  ALVAREZ-CASTRO, María Fernanda. Recent advances of the imagological diagnosis of hydrocephalus in children. Review of the literature of the last six years. Medicas UIS [online]. 2022, vol.35, n.1, pp.17-29.  Epub May 28, 2022. ISSN 0121-0319.  https://doi.org/10.18273/revmed.v35n1-2022002.

Hydrocephalus is a frequent health problem in pediatrics, particularly during the first month of life. The incidence in Latin America is one of the highest in the world. In Colombia there are no representative data. Recent findings related to the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid allowed proposals of new models on the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus that, along with new findings on MRI, have led to a better understanding of the disease. The aim of this work is to review the information available in the literature about the progress in the pathophysiology of the disease and neuroimaging findings, in addition to conducting a brief review on the role of these in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients. A bibliographic review with MeSH terms was carried out in PUBMED, OVID and SCOPUS databases, with articles published in the last 6 years. 30 articles that dealt with the theme in a comprehensive way were included. New findings described as the glymphatic system and the role of AQP4, along with advances in neuroimaging, especially MRI, have helped to better understand hydrocephalus, supporting the development of a new model of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, and based on it, different explanations regarding its pathophysiology. MÉD.UIS.2022;35(1): 17-29.

Keywords : Hydrocephalus; Glymphatic System; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ultrasonography; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts.

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