Abstract

CORTES Y, Hernán; OCAMPO T, Iván  and  VILLEGAS P, Alberto. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Medellin's population from 1999 to 2000: the positive predictive value of the screening test and comparison of criteria in the NDDG and ADA. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2002, vol.53, n.1, pp.81-85. ISSN 0034-7434.

BACKGROUND: In 1997 the American Diabetes Association (ADA), recommended a change in the screening and diagnosis criteria: no screening for low risk patients and adoption of the diagnosis criteria by Carpenter and Coustan. We do not know the incidence in our population or whether we are or not a high-risk group for diabetes. METHODS: A descriptive series was carried out from August 1999 to July 2000. Pregnant women who had prenatal checkups in the central CAA of Medellín's SSI; they underwent to screening with the O'Sullivan test between 24 - 28 gestational weeks, and the tolerance oral test for those who needed it. A phone survey was done after birth for getting the maternal and neonatal results. RESULTS: 1726 patients were evaluated. An incidence of 1.43% was found and increased to 2.03% when the new criteria were applied. The positive predictive value of the screening test was determined, demonstrating that it was not diagnostic with any value. 20.5% of infants presented macrosomia. 13% in the NDDG criterion group and 40% in the ADA criterion group. CONCLUSION: In this group of patients, a low incidence of gestational diabetes was found compared with other population, we did not achieve to demonstrate that adopting the new criteria improved the maternal and neonatal prognosis; it should be carried out new surveys which permit a better population selection who are going to undergo the screening test for optimizing resources.

Keywords : Gestational diabetes mellitus; incidence; screening test; positive predictive value; macrosomia; diagnosis.

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