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Universidad y Salud
Print version ISSN 0124-7107On-line version ISSN 2389-7066
Abstract
GALLEGO-MALDONADO, Geraldíne; OTALORA-DIAZ, Aura Shirley; URBANO-CACERES, Eliana Ximena and MORALES-SUAREZ, Carol Mayerline. Bacterial multiresistance: Therapeutic challenge in renal transplantation. Univ. Salud [online]. 2019, vol.21, n.1, pp.72-87. ISSN 0124-7107. https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.192101.141.
Introduction:
It is estimated that 86% of patients receiving a renal transplant have an infection by multiresistant microorganisms, mainly urinary tract (UTI) in post-transplant, which is associated with poor prognosis of the graft and patient.
Objective:
To describe the main mechanisms of resistance found in the colonization of the urinary tract from a patient after being submitted to a renal transplant and some risk factors that increase the likelihood of complications of this postoperative.
Materials and methods:
A review of literature in databases such as Medline, Embase and Science Direct was conducted, using key words validated from 2007 to 2017.
Results:
The risk factors associated with the acquisition of UTI after a renal transplant are female sex, diabetes mellitus, urinary tract anomalies and instrumentation of the urethra. The microorganisms associated with renal transplantation are MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in 20% in rooms of nephrology and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae type ESBL in 30% and 28% respectively.
Conclusions:
The mechanisms of resistance of higher prevalence in transplants are caused by bacteria producing ESBL, associated with the post-transplant prophylaxis performed.
Keywords : Kidney transplantation; urinary tract infections; bacterial infections; risk factors; drug resistance, microbial; antibiotic prophylaxis.