1) Most adverse events in the surgical units are the result of:1
Lack of non-technical skills.
Failure of monitoring equipment.
Poor pre-operative evaluation.
B and C are true.
2) In the Guidelines recommended by ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery), oral hydration with clear liquids is recommended, with a load of oral carbohydrates administered:2
4 hours before the induction of anesthesia.
3 hours before the induction of anesthesia.
2 hours before the induction of anesthesia.
1 hour before the induction of anesthesia.
3) For pre-operative management, the ERAS protocols recommend the following, except for:2
Bowel preparation.
Anti-thrombotic prophylaxis.
Antibiotic prophylaxis.
Nausea and vomiting prophylaxis.
4) The shock index is a marker of severity in multiple trauma patients and is based on the following ratio:3
Systolic blood pressure/heart rate.
Heart rate/systolic blood pressure.
Heart rate /respiratory frequency.
Heart rate/Mean blood pressure.
5) According to Cortés Samaca et al., which of the following parameters involves the highest relative risk of requiring a transfusion in a multiple trauma patient?3
Base deficit < -6 at 6 hours.
Lactate clearance <20% at 6 hours.
Severe shock index at admission.
Severe shock index at 6 hours.
6) Severe hyperchloremia refers to a chloride serum level:4
7) For the management of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors induced angioedema, the suggestion is using:5
Which of the following so called muscular dystrophies is the most frequent one?(6)
Steinert's myotonic dystrophy.
Duchenne's disease.
Ullrich dystrophy.
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.
9) From the following muscular dystrophies, which one presents the highest CPK elevation?6
Ullrich dystrophy.
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.
Merosin deficiency dystrophy.
Steinert's myotonic dystrophy.
10) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons. Which of the following symptoms or signs is associated with this disorder?7
Answers