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Revista Salud Uninorte
Print version ISSN 0120-5552On-line version ISSN 2011-7531
Abstract
PINZON-CASAS, EDWAR YAMITH.; HENAO-CASTANO, ÁNGELA MARÍA. and FAJARDO-RAMOS, ELIZABETH. Characteristics of Delirium in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Using the Dynamic Symptoms Model. Salud, Barranquilla [online]. 2020, vol.36, n.1, pp.112-123. Epub May 20, 2021. ISSN 0120-5552. https://doi.org/10.14482/sun.36.1.618.92.
Background:
Delirium is considered a symptom of acute brain dysfunction occurring in the adult and pediatric population, which can be approached from the Dynamic Symptoms Model to have a complete view of its characteristics.
Objective:
To describe the prevalence and characteristics of delirium in preschool-aged patients in the pediatric intensive care unit using the Dynamic Symptoms Model.
Methodology:
Cohort study conducted in a pediatric intensive care unit in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. Patients between 6 months and 5 years were included. The sample size was 31 patients, and a literature review was conducted for understanding patient factors that are correlated with a higher rate of delirium. Delirium was diagnosed with the scale of evaluation of Preschool Confusion in Intensive Care (PsCAM-ICU) in Spanish version, which has a high specificity (94.8%), sensitivity (93.3%) and a reliability kappa statistic of 0.95.
Results:
Delirium occurred in 25.8% of patients. The characteristics of these patients with delirium were: 62.5% had a primary diagnosis of acute respiratory infection and 37.5% had respiratory failure; 62.5% presented hypoactive and 37.5% hyperactive; bronchopulmonary dysplasia and bronchiolitis were the most common pathological antecedents, 50% received benzodiazepines, 33.3% narcotics, and 16.6% analgesics. Delirious patients had longer PICU (10 vs. 7 days), and hospital length of stay (7.5 vs. 2.2 days).
Conclusion:
Presence of delirium in critically ill children is evidenced, whose characteristics are contained in the Dynamic Symptoms Model, therefore, from this perspective it is possible to identify it opportunely.
Keywords : Delirium; Preschool; Intensive Care Units; Pediatric; Behavioral Symptoms.