Abstract

ROPERO-OSORIO, Oscar et al. Physicochemical Evaluation of Guava Germplasm Fruits Conserved in Agrosavia, Colombia. Cienc. Tecnol. Agropecuaria [online]. 2023, vol.24, n.3, e3271.  Epub Sep 30, 2023. ISSN 0122-8706.  https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol24_num3_art:3271.

The guava (Psidium guajava) is a species of economic importance in different countries of the world, especially to produce edible fruits, with a high content of vitamin C and ease for agro-industrial transformation. AGROSAVIA’s Colombian Guava Germplams Collection safeguards part of the diversity of this species and some related ones. However, there are partial studies that limit the potential use. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate and characterize the physicochemical variables of the fruits, seeking to identify accessions with attributes of interest to strengthen the Colombian fruit sector. For this, 29 descriptors (17 quantitative and 12 qualitative) were evaluated in fruits of the 41 accessions that are part of the collection. The information obtained was subjected to a Principal Component Analysis and a Multiple Correspondence Analysis. It was found that the evaluated germplasm is characterized by having convex-shaped fruits with a neck, pink pulp with granular texture, predominantly green color in the epicarp, oblique peduncle insertion, oblong-shaped seeds and apex shape of the fruit with navel on the polar axis. In quantitative analyses, 20 accessions presented pulp percentage between 97 % and 99 %, the content of total soluble solids of the evaluated population fluctuated between 4.3 and 10.5 °Brix; the ratio of vitamin C was of 28.3 to 208.26 mg /100 g of sample, and fruit weight was between 18.84 and 363.53 g, being genotypes 25, 33 and 36 promising materials for further studies.

Keywords : accessions; descriptors; genetic resources; genotypes; Psidium guajava.

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