Abstract

CARCAMO-HERNANDEZ, Ovidio  and  ROVIRA, Jordi Pâmies. When School Exclusion Becomes an “Opportunity”: An Ethnographic Approach to Early Interscholastic Mobility (MIET). Rev. colomb. educ. [online]. 2022, n.85, pp.121-142.  Epub Nov 27, 2022. ISSN 0120-3916.  https://doi.org/10.17227/rce.num85-11879.

The promulgation in 2015 of the Ley de Inclusión Escolar (N° 20.845) in Chile, aimed to curb the forms of discrimination that prevent learning and student participation. However, research confirms the existence of school practices that generate exclusion which particularly affect, on a daily basis, the most vulnerable young people. This article aims to describe the school experiences of a group of young people at risk of educational exclusion, and analyzes the mechanisms that amplify inequalities derived from the social position they occupy in their communities. To do this, the academic experiences of 3 boys (Ángel, Andrés and Pedro) and 3 girls (Francisca, Javiera and Paulina) are presented as part of a broader ethnographic study developed during 2 school years (October 2015 - April 2017) in a municipal school in a medium-sized city in the south of the country. The results show how the school not only reproduces, but also amplifies through school practices the situations of vulnerability of these young people. Among these practices, what we have called Early Interscholastic Mobility (MIET) becomes a common form of expulsion from the school, and the last action of a chain of exclusions that, however, is presented to families as an "opportunity".

Keywords : school dropout; secondary education; educational inequality; inclusive education.

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