Abstract

VILLEGAS-GRACIA, ROSSANA; FRANCO-ALZATE, CATALINA  and  JARAMILLO-ARBELAEZ, PATRICIA. Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis: a review of general points. CES Med. [online]. 2015, vol.29, n.2, pp.227-238. ISSN 0120-8705.

Introduction: monoclonal lymphocytosis of B cells is a condition characterized as having less than 5x10⁹/L clonal B cells in the peripheral blood, in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms of a chronic B cell lymphoproliferative disorder Methods: a search of articles published in multidisciplinary databases and specific areas of health, such as PubMed , Ovid , Science Direct, SciELO, Scopus and Embase data was performed; also some book chapters were included. Terms related with the topic were used like Monoclonal B lymphocytosis, Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Articles that met criteria for methodological quality and content were selected. Results: different studies based on large hospital series of MBL, have manifested a higher risk of subjects with MBL progressing to B-CLL. Some researchers claim that most people with MBL type LLC will not develop progressive disease over a period of about 5 years, 75 % will be alive with a stable count of lymphocytes and between 1 % and 4 % per year will gradually develop a disease requiring treatment. Conclusions: there is great variation in the prevalence of MBL, dependent largely on the characteristics of the study population and the detection methods used for identification. Methods using increasingly sensitive detection has led to the identification of increasingly smaller MBL clones. Risk factors that determine the passage of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis to chronic lymphocytic leukemia are yet to be determined, however, several studies have reported that the age, sex, family history of CLL, the presence of some single nucleotide polymorphisms and markers such as ZAP 70, CD38 and CD49d, could be related to the risk of developing the disease. But so far the best defined progression factor is the absolute B cell count.

Keywords : Lymphocytosis; Monoclonal; B cells; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

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