Abstract

HOLGUIN CARDONA, Andrea; HURTADO GUERRA, Juan José  and  RESTREPO GUTIERREZ, Juan Carlos. Update on Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis. Rev Col Gastroenterol [online]. 2015, vol.30, n.3, pp.315-324. ISSN 0120-9957.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious complication that occurs among cirrhotic patients with ascites. It is a major cause of the high rates of mortality among these patients and has high rates of recurrence. Early diagnosis and optimal treatment can result in considerable improvements. It is noteworthy that high rates of prevalence of SBP have even been documented in asymptomatic patients. Primary and secondary prophylaxis are of great significance for improving patients chances of survival and for decreasing the initial incidence and recurrence of SBP. Nevertheless, treatment must be applied with great rigor and patients must be monitored carefully to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance. Some of determinants for treatment with antibiotics are previous episode(s) of SBP, digestive tract, evidence of hepatic dysfunction, low concentrations of proteins in ascetic fluid and hyperbilirubinemia. This updates is based on a review of the medical literature about SBP published in both Spanish and English over the last five years and available in major biomedical databases (PubMed, ClinicalKey, EBSCO, Scielo, Scopus and OVID). Our review revealed that there are very few publications in Colombia and the rest of Latin America and Colombia, some of which were written by the authors and their workgroup

Keywords : Peritonitis; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; bacterial translocation; cirrhosis; ascites.

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