Abstract

WOOD, ELISABETH JEAN. Rape as a War Practice: Toward a Typology of Political. Estud. Socio-Juríd [online]. 2020, vol.22, n.1, pp.67-109. ISSN 0124-0579.  https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/sociojuridicos/a.8189.

When sexual assault by an armed organization occurs frequently, it is often said to be a strategy of war. But some cases of conflict-related rape are better understood as a practice, violence that has not been explicitly adopted as organization policy but is nonetheless tolerated by commanders. Its typology in this article emphasizes not only vertical relationships between commanders (principals) and combatants (agents) but also the horizontal social interactions among combatants. It analyzes when rape is likely to be prevalent as a practice, highlighting not only combatants' society gendered norms and beliefs but also how the organization's socialization processes might transform them. The conclusion suggests that the typology is relevant for analysts of all forms of political violence and also for prosecutors, policy advocates, and policymakers concerned with conflict-related sexual assault.

Keywords : Sexual violence; rape/sexual assault; political violence; armed conflict.

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