Abstract

VEGA, Neil Valentín et al. Professional burnout syndrome. rev. colomb. cir. [online]. 2009, vol.24, n.3, pp.138-146. ISSN 2011-7582.

Stress is a natural phenomenon in the process of evolution. The general adaptation syndrome has three phases: initial alarm reaction, phase of resistance, and phase of exhaustion. The professional burnout syndrome is a pathological entity caused by chronic professional stress in persons that provide intensive and prolonged health care to people in conditions of necessity or dependence. This term was first coined by Freudenberg in 1974, and in 1981 Maslach and Jackson described a multidimensional model characterized by exhaustion and emotional fatigue, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. Among the several instruments that have been developed for its measurement, the most accepted one is the Malash Burnout Inventory (MBI) It is believed that there must be an individual sensibility associated with varied environmental factors within an ecologic framework, that presents the syndrome as a dynamic and interrelated process, in which there are four levels of influence: microsystem, organizational, periorganizational and extraorganizational, all of which are susceptible of intervention at the level of the individual and the workplace or at the organizational level.

Keywords : burnout; professional; stress; surgery; validity of tests; psychology.

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