Resumen

TORRES-SAN-MIGUEL, Christopher René; VELAZQUEZ-SANCHEZ, Alejandro Tonatiu; LUGO-GONZALEZ, Esther  y  TAPIA-HERRERA, Ricardo. Custom design of a myoelectric interface for upper limb prostheses. Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2011, vol.13, n.2, pp.70-83. ISSN 0123-3475.

Since 60’s electromiographical signals (EMG’s) are used like a control signals for prostheses acted by servomotors, as well as stimulation of muscles that are affected due to partial or total paralysis. By means of technological advance, it has been possible to improve the design as well as the production of prosthetic systems that work as extensions of some member of human body, adding with the new designs also basic characteristics as: flexibility, aesthetic morphology, and superior strength/weight relationship, as well as multi-functionality. Mioelectric prosthesis is a structure developed with the purpose of replacing a part or the entirety member of human body, same as to replace the lost functions of this, without leaving aside patient's corporal image. These prostheses are acted by actuators that are controlled through EMG signals, which are obtained by means of intramuscular or superficial needles, or by means of electrodes placed in patient's stump. This class of prostheses is more and more accepted by people with hand amputation since it provides a better acting, that which allows a superior functionality for patient that uses it, because its control is simpler. In this work a customized prosthetic socket was carried out, to be used as a base of an implant of superior limb, which have a mioelectrical control. Interface was designed to capture, to manipulate and to process the EMG signals at superficial level coming from muscles. On the other hand, characterization of mioelectrical signals was made, which are sent to an absorbed system that interprets and produces the exit signals toward the electromechanical elements of an implant prototype that simulates the main types of grabs of biological hand. Obtained results show a significant advance on control of prototype by means of EMG signals, that which is consequence of improvement in filtrate and amplification of EMG signals. Finally, this investigation was able to establish customized control parameters for different types of grabs of a specific patient.

Palabras clave : mioelectrics signals; prosthetic socket; interface; design..

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