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Revista Ciencias de la Salud
versión impresa ISSN 1692-7273versión On-line ISSN 2145-4507
Resumen
RAMIREZ-PEREZ, Estefany; NEME-GARCIA, Alexis; CRUZ-GONZALEZ, Julio César de la y GARCIA-ROJAS, Edgar. Sociodemographic and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Psychomotor Retardation in Infants under Two Years Old in Tabasco. Rev. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2020, vol.18, n.3, pp.19-29. Epub 08-Ago-2021. ISSN 1692-7273. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.9792.
Introduction:
Adequate psychomotor development during the first years of life significantly impacts the growth of each infant, so the timely detection of risk factors that affect this development is of vital importance. The objective was to determine sociodemographic and maternal factors associated with the presentation of psychomotor retardation in infants under two years old who attended the Centro de Rehabilitación y Educación Especial in Villahermosa (Tabasco, Mexico) in 2017.
Materials and methods:
An observational, retrospective study of cases and controls in infants under two years old. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire consisting of 45 questions, which included variables such as psychomotor retardation, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors, that used Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, with a significant correlation of p <.05 being accepted .
Results:
A low social class showed a significant relationship with psychomotor retardation (p =.000), while the presence of infections at a very young age in the newborn, a family history of psychomotor retardation, and a history of disease during pregnancy showed a value of p <.05.
Conclusión:
A low socioeconomic status, pregnancy-associated diseases such as malnutrition, high blood pressure, and traumatic accidents, as well as infectious diseases at birth were the main factors that conditioned psychomotor retardation.
Palabras clave : Psychomotor retardation; vertical transmission of infectious diseases; medical history taking; socioeconomic factors.