Resumen

BAQUERO-PARRADO, Johann R.. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND REGULATION OF ACID-BASE BALANCE IN CATTLE. rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient. [online]. 2008, vol.11, n.2, pp.85-100. ISSN 0123-4226.

SUMMARY Understanding the electrolyte and acid-base disorder depends on the comprehension of the physiological mechanisms which regulates them, and the interpretation of changes in blood pH. Some diseases produce a constant pattern of electrolyte and fluid loss with foreseeable changes in electrolyte concentration and fluid volume. Furthermore, one or more of the regulatory components may become compromised, resulting in disorders of the acid-base status. Currently there are three approaches to the clinical assessment of acid-base status: the Henderson-Hasselbach equation, the strong ion model and the simplified strong ion model, dependent its use on considerations of the professional. The manipulation of the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) is defined as the m-equivalents of (Na + K) - (Cl+S) by kilogram (mEq/kg) of dry matter (DM) It has a direct effect on the acid-base status, being ammonium chloride the most acidifying salt and magnesium sulfate the most palatable anionic salt, taking in count that urinary pH is a useful tool to assess the degree of metabolic acidosis imposed by the anionic salts. Laboratory values are just one step in an electrolyte and acid-base analysis of patient. To make rational decisions these values must be correlated with the clinical picture and the knowledge of the underlying biochemistry and physiology, using the important principles of evidence-based medicine.

Palabras clave : Bicarbonate; acid-base balance; cattle; hydrogen ion; pH.

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