Resumen

REY-BUITRAGO, Mauricio. Molecular genetics of alcoholism. rev.fac.med. [online]. 2015, vol.63, n.3, pp.483-494. ISSN 0120-0011.  https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63n3.49352.

Alcoholism is a complex and multifactorial psychiatric pathology in which the genetic factor explains about 50% of the phenomenon. Numerous genes have been associated with the disease, but their individual contribution is minimal and contradictory. These genes operate through intermediate characteristics such as impulsivity and sensitivity to alcohol, which makes the definition of alcoholism phenotype a complex one. Association of SNPs, genome-wide association, expression and epigenetic studies have identified a wide range of genetic and epigenetic variants, targets for susceptibility studies, diagnosis and drug treatment. Currently, there is much more understanding of these relationships, and the rapid development of new methods of study promises to continue this process as well as the generation of algorithms for diagnosis, prevention and successful reliable treatments.

Palabras clave : Alcoholism; Genomics; Polymorphism; Single nucleotide; Pharmacogenomics; Epigenetics.

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