Resumen

MURCIA-ARTUNDUAGA, Karen Sirley; MACA, Adriana Vanessa; SUAREZ-COLLAZOS, Katerine  y  CASTANEDA, María del Rosario. Optimization of the antifungal effect of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) extracts on the in vitro growth of Moniliophthora roreri, the cause of moniliasis in cocoa. Acta Agron. [online]. 2023, vol.72, n.2, pp.188-195.  Epub 09-Mayo-2024. ISSN 0120-2812.  https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v72n2.110673.

Moniliophthora roreri has been considered one of the most worrisome limitations of cocoa cultivation in Colombia and the world due to its affectation with serious damage to the fruit. The current applied agrochemicals have not been sufficient for its control and have various negative effects on the crop and its environment. For that reason, it is necessary to perform research aimed at proposing effective ecologically viable control alternatives for the disease without affecting the environment and the producer’s health. In Colombia, there are plant species of high interest for the development of biopreparations due to their multiple benefits, including antimicrobial effects, which allow the reduction of negative impacts on agricultural production. In this way, the present project evaluated the optimal conditions for the extraction process of compounds that maximize the antifungal potential of Capsicum frutescens, using the response surface methodology (MSR) under controlled laboratory conditions. The evaluation was made with continuous factors (temperature in °C and concentration in v/v), and in the same way with categorical factors such as the solvent type A (96 % ethyl acetate) and E (96 % ethanol), finding that the optimal conditions to obtain a percentage of inhibition greater than 90 % of M. roreri under laboratory conditions, correspond to extracts that were obtained using 62 % ethyl acetate as a solvent, at a temperature of 75 °C. It can be inferred that these are the conditions that allow a better dragging of compounds of antifungal interest of the species C. frutescens. Therefore, they could be considered as potential raw material for the production of biological agricultural inputs.

Palabras clave : biological control; biofungicide; plant disease; Theobroma.

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