Resumen

ALVAREZ PLATA, Liliana  y  REYES PATINO, Rubén Darío. Ayuno preoperatorio en niños sanos de 2, 4 y 6 horas. Rev. colomb. anestesiol. [online]. 2009, vol.37, n.1, pp.63-70. ISSN 0120-3347.

Preoperative fasting before anesthesia has been employed to avoid the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents without knowing, based in evidence, the volume and gastric pH associated to this risks which increase morbidity and morbidity. Gastric emptying is one of the key aspects to establish the time for fasting, being different for liquids or solids as well as the composition and amount of proteins, calories and fats. It has not been established the volume and gastric pH associated with regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration. For children without incremental risk for regurgitation/aspiration (ASA I -II) it is safe a fasting time for clear liquids up to 2 hours, 4 hours for breast milk and 6 hours for formula, cow milk and solids. Not having prolonged fasting, give patients less of hunger and thirst sensation, also less anxiety of children and their parents.

Palabras clave : Gastric emptying; pulmonary aspiration; children; infants; newborn; anesthesia; fasting.

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