Resumen

MOSQUERA, Teresa et al. Genetics of the Solanum tuberosum pathogen resistance. State of research. Agron. colomb. [online]. 2008, vol.26, n.1, pp.7-15. ISSN 0120-9965.

This review is about the genetics of the Solanum tuberosum pathogen resistance, underlying the relationship between quantitative and qualitative resistance in the P. infestans case. The knowledge obtained permits to generate a functional map localizing chromosomal regions for the pathogen resistance loci. Twenty R genes of resistance for viruses, fungi, nematodes and oomycetes using molecular markers were mapped. Most of these R genes were introduced from wild species. From them, fourteen are localized in hot spots and they confer resistance to several pathogens. To date five clusters of resistance have been identified. Monogenic resistance includes two basic processes: perception of a pathogen attack followed by a response to limit the disease. The perception implies specific receptors for pathogenic strains decodified by resistance genes. There is a large amount of R genes situated in one plant and localized in different places of the genome. These genes express different proteins. Most of the R proteins contain tandem repeats, leucine rich (LRR). The co-localization of R genes and QTL in different chromosomes have been found. One hypothesis points out that QTL are allelic variants with less extreme effect than R genes. A second hypothesis points out that resistance QTL are mapped in the regions of genome that contain known functions genes involved in a general response for the pathogen attack.

Palabras clave : quantitative resistance; qualitative resistance; resistance genes; QTL; major genes.

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