Introduction:

Colombia experiences a food transition coupled with nutritional transition.

Objective:

Establish in Colombia for the period 2010-2015 the prevalence and frequency/day of the usual consumption of 28 foods and two practices of interest for public nutrition. Also, establish differences in prevalence and frequency/day between years.

Methodology:

Analytical study in population between 5 and 64 years, with cross-sectional data collected in the last two National Surveys of Nutritional Situation in Colombia, ENSIN-2010 and 2015. The consumption data were obtained through a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Through linear regression models, raw and adjusted differences were estimated for the prevalence and frequency/day of usual consumption of 28 foods and two associated practices.

Results:

In the 2010-2015 period, in children, the prevalence of consumption of milk, meat, tuna, viscera, legumes, bread, tubers, sugar, soft drinks, and fried foods decreased, as did those of vegetables and fruits. In adults, the prevalence of milk, meat, tuna, offal, bread, tubers, sugar, fried foods, and light foods decreased, as did those of vegetables and fruits. In children and adults, the prevalence of packaged food consumption increased, but its frequency/day decreased. The prevalence of saltshaker use decreased in children and adults, but its frequency/day increased.

Conclusions:

The established dietary change is similar in children and adults confirming that the food culture is inherited socially and transmitted vertically between parents and children. Colombia experiences a food transition. Public policy is required to guide food consumption.