Resumen

RODRIGUEZ ACELAS, Alba Luz  y  GOMEZ OCHOA, Ana Maritza. Influential factors in adherence to treatment in patients with cardiovascular risk. av.enferm. [online]. 2010, vol.28, n.1, pp.63-71. ISSN 0121-4500.

Objective: describe and analyze factors that influence the adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment in patients with risk of cardiovascular disease at Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. Methodology: descriptive-methodological study, carried out with 172 in and out patients. The instrument applied was designed by Bonilla (8); its utility is to assess the adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments in patients with risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The instrument has face and content validity tests (0,91), statistically significant test-restest internal consistency and Cronbach´s alpha coefficient (0,85); the latter was determined in this study. Results: 80,8% of the people had a high non-adherence risk, 12,8% with advantages and 6,4% does not show adherence to the treatments. Ages varied between 23-85, visit of women to the health institution was 63,4% compared to men (36,6%). Similarly, it showed that adherence benefits the patient related factor. In contrast, provider related factors see a reduction: health system and equipment, with therapy and socio-economic factor. Discussion and conclusions: among the factors that support adherence, we found acceptance of the disease, confidence in the treatment, support from social networks and support provided by the institution. On the other hand, adherence is weakened by financial difficulties, lack of permits, difficulties encountered when changing habits and lack of knowledge. The results reflect the need to strengthen health professionals in the handling of adherence from the academic field and the creation or strengthening of educational programs at health institutions' level.

Palabras clave : medication adherence; therapeutical approaches; risk factors; cardiovascular diseases.

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