Resumen

CARRION-GARCIA, M. Ángeles; LOPEZ-BARON, Francisco  y  GUTIERREZ STRAUSS, Ana María. INFLUENCE OF NEGATIVE FACTORS IN THE CONTEXT OF WORK IN PSYCHOLOGICAL EXHAUSTION OF WORKERS IN COLOMBIA. Hacia promoc. Salud [online]. 2015, vol.20, n.1, pp.111-125. ISSN 0121-7577.  https://doi.org/10.17151/hpsal.2015.20.1.8.

Objective: To identify the influence that the perception on the factors of work context have on the psychological exhaustion of workers in Central East and South-Western Colombia in 2013. Materials and Methods: Non-experimental, cross-sectional and quantitative design. Non-probabilistic sample, selected for convenience, 193 workers from the working population of various business sectors. Instruments: battery for the study of working conditions of psychosocial character "CTCPS-MAC" validated for Iberoamerican population. It evaluates four dimensions: work context, work content, individual factors and psychological exhaustion, and includes 14 psychosocial factors. The research is descriptive, comparative and co-relational of multivariate type. Data analysis and results of the instruments were analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Results: The organizational culture [p = 0.000 Exp (B) = 9.300] and technical training or higher education [p = 0.001 Exp (B) = 5.600] cause higher risk to end up in psychological cognitive-emotional exhaustion. At the behavioral level, the role [p = 0.000 Exp (B) = 30.714] and the interpersonal relationships at work [p = 0.001 Exp (B) = 16.381] are the exhaustion cause. The workers with technical training or higher education and a harmful perception of the company culture has a 70.70% chance of psychological cognitive-emotional exhaustion. A bad perception of the role and of interpersonal relationships represent a 35.10% possibility of psychological behavioral exhaustion. Conclusions: This study allows deeper understanding of psychosocial factors of work context and shows the importance that a good organizational culture and management, an appropriate role in the organization and good interpersonal relationships at work, have in achieving a healthy organization that promotes health and wellness in all its members.

Palabras clave : Working conditions; psychological stress; evaluation; occupational health; working environment.

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