Resumen

CATANO, JUAN et al. Prevalence of anal cytology changes in HIV positive patients and possible associated risk factors. Infect. [online]. 2006, vol.10, n.4, pp.214-219. ISSN 0123-9392.

Background. In the year 2000, around 3,400 new cases of anal cancer were diagnosed in the USA, and now is the fourth most common cancer in HIVpositive population. Objectives. To determinate the prevalence of anal cytological changes, in an HIV-positive population from Medellín; and its relationship with different variables. Methods. This is a descriptive variable exploration study, which included HIV-positive patients from Medellín. We used an epidemiological survey and an anal cytology was done according to Bethesda recommendations. Results. We included 91 patients, 66 with the whole information. The 45,5% showed abnormal anal cytology. We found that in patients with past history of sexual transmitted diseases, 44,7% showed cytological changes (p = 0,8426); in patients with more than 21 sexual partners, 60,9% showed cytological changes (p = 0,1791); in those who started his active sexual life between 9 and 20 years of age, 43,3% showed cytological changes (p = 0,8125); in those with CD₄>200 cells/ mL, 50% showed cytological changes (p = 0,8832). Besides, we found a tendency for increasing risk of abnormal anal cytology in patients who used preservatives sometimes or never, compared with those who said that always used it (p = 0,1665). Conclusions. Anal cytology is a simple and cost-effective test, which allows to screen populations at risk, preventing the development of anal cancer. We did not found any statistical association between cytology changes and the variables evaluated. We suggest including anal cytology as one of the Plan Obligatorio de Salud tests for HIV-positive patients whith anal intercourse practices.

Palabras clave : anal neoplasm; cytology; papillomavirus; HIV; risk factors; anal canal.

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