Resumen

CEBALLOS, Claudia A. et al. Characterization of pregnant women screened for Streptococcus agalactiae and its relationship with early neonatal sepsis, at the Clínica del Prado de Medellín (Colombia), 2010 . Infect. [online]. 2014, vol.18, n.2, pp.66-71. ISSN 0123-9392.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infect.2013.12.002.

Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is the main worldwide cause of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Antibiotic prophylaxis based on vaginal-rectum screening of pregnant women is an effective strategy to prevent EONS. Objective: To describe the prevalence of vaginal-rectum S. agalactiae colonization in pregnant women screened at the Clinica del Prado in Medellin during 2010 and to establish a relationship between maternal colonization and EONS. Materials and methods: This was an observational, descriptive and, cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of vaginal-rectum colonization by S. agalactiae , through a review of medical records and laboratory test results. A total of 182 pregnant women out of 540 screened were randomly included. Results: The prevalence of vaginal-rectum S. agalactiae colonization was 17.6%. The average age of the women was 25 years (14-44 range); the mean gestational age was 35.4 weeks. Prophylaxis with crystalline penicillin was given to 21.4% of the screened women and to 44% of those colonized. A total of 17% had cesarean deliveries and cephazolin prophylaxis was given. A total of 48.9% did not receive prophylaxis. None of the children of mothers included in the treatment developed EONS. The prevalence of EONS among the children born in 2010 was 0.14%. There was no statistical association (P =0,062) between vaginal-rectum screening and antibiotic prophylaxis. Conclusions: The prevalence of vaginal-rectum S. agalactiae colonization found supports a universal screening strategy in pregnant women, to know their carrier status and to take appropriate actions to minimize the incidence of EONS.

Palabras clave : Streptococcus agalactiae; Vaginal-rectum screening; Sepsis.

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