Resumen

POSADA ARIAS, Silvia; LOAIZA, Erica T; RESTREPO, Juan E  y  OLIVERA, Martha. Characterization of manual milking and identification of critical control factors for the hygienic quality of milk in a farm located at the North of the Antioquia province. Rev. Lasallista Investig. [online]. 2010, vol.7, n.2, pp.35-46. ISSN 1794-4449.

Introduction. This work characterized manual milking in a farm located in the North of Antioquia, aiming to implement, via a risk analysis, best practices to manage cattle and obtain milk with hygienic quality. Materials and Methods. A survey was applied and an observation was made in 10 visits to the farm, in order to make a flow chart. The critical contamination points in which samples to establish the Colony Forming Units (CFU) were defined, and so were the temperature and the time lapse between the beginning and the end of the milking. The samples were analyzed with Bactoscan^®. The statistic analysis was made by the use of SPSS 15.0, through comparing means. A regression analysis was made in order to examine the correlation between temperature and time with CFUs. Results. There was a difference between two points of the milking (p<0,05). Those points were the canteen in the milking site and the canteen in the tank at the end of the milking. There was a positive association between the time CFUs and the time necessary for the milk to reach the cold chain (p<0,05). Temperature in the milking stayed within the optimal range for mesophiles. The CFU account in the tank was below the limit stipulated by the national regulations for the milk bonus in the raw milk system to pay producers. There was no correlation between CFUs and the presence-absence of rain (p<0,05). Conclusion. This is a clean milk production system with best hygienic practices. The principal risky point that must be controlled is the time between the beginning of the milking and the moment in which milk is refrigerated in the tank.

Palabras clave : milk quality; mesophiles; CFU; hygiene.

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