Resumo

MERCHAN DE MENDOZA, Gabriel. SECONDARY ANISEIKONIA TO REFRACTIVE SURGERIES REALIZED BY LASIK. Investig. andina [online]. 2009, vol.11, n.19, pp.17-29. ISSN 0124-8146.

Introduction: to detect the occurrence of Horizontal Meridional Aniseikonia in patients operated of refractive surgery with LASIK. Methods and materials: a sample of 19 patients made emmetropic by LASIK intervention is compared t a sample of 20 naturally emmetropic patients in order to asses the effect that changes in corneal curvature have over the horizontal meridian of the retinal image taking into account that variations of the optical power of the eye alters the position of the Nodal Point which in turn alters the size of the retinal image. Pre-existing ametropia was not specified or taken into account. Merchan Monocular Test for Aniseikonia was used for this study (Merchán G. 2004). A computer generated vertically elongated ellipsoid increases, upon command, the horizontal axis gradually approaching a perfect circle. The patient activates the test and is asked to stop the moment he or she considers that the ellipsoid has turned into a perfect circle. At this point the software compares the horizontal to the vertical axis of the resulting figure. Any difference between the axes is shown in percentage. Ideally, the horizontal axis should be 100% equal to the vertical axis which means that the figure is really a circle and is perceived as such by the patient, furthermore proving that no Horizontal Meridional Magnification is present in the eye under testing. The fellow eye is similarly tested and the results of the two eyes are compared. Differences above 3% (Borish, 1975) is considered indicative of the presence of Horizontal Meridional Aniseikonia. Results: statistical analyses for both one-tail and two-tails for the Z value for difference in proportions of the two groups show that 36.8% in the first group (emétropes by surgery) is statiscally significant from 5% in the second group (natural emmetropes), thus rejecting the null hypotheses. Conclusions:refractive surgery changes the corneal curvature and consequently the position of the Nodal Point all of which may cause a secondary asymptomatic low degree Horizontal Meridional Aniseikonia in approximately one third of the cases examined.

Palavras-chave : public health; health promotion; primary prevention; homeless persons; primary health care; health services accessibility.

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