Objective:

To provide updated recommendations in diagnosis, as well as for medical and surgical treatment focused on urologists and health-care professionals participating actively in care for urogenital tuberculosis.

Method:

Systematic review of literature on urogenital tuberculosis, previously defining working clinical questions with PICO scheme for topics such as epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, medical and surgical therapeutics for the disease.

Results:

Genitourinary tuberculosis has an incidence of approximately 20%, although a significant underreporting is estimated. In Colombia, tuberculosis infection is endemic, but there are no guidelines focused on this urogenital involvement, so there is a necessity. Urogenital tuberculosis should be suspected in patients with recurrent urinary inflammatory or infectious conditions, with or without structural alterations of genitourinary tract, who do not respond to conventional pharmacological treatment, with no apparent cause or have identified epidemiological link and risk factors. Diagnosis can be made by serological, bacteriological, molecular tests or histopathology. In each case, adequate imaging evaluation is mandatory to determine organ involvement, sequelae, and as strategy for surgical treatment.

Conclusions:

Genitourinary tuberculosis is an infectious disease, a public health issue, which concerns Colombia. It can affects any female and male urogenital tract organic tissue. Timely pharmacological management offers and has the best clinical results and lowest rates of surgical need or sequelae. The standardized diagnostic and therapeutic approach seeks to improve clinical outcomes, quality of life and opportunity for patients with suspected disease.

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