Resumo

DUQUE DIEZ., Mariana. Urban violence and the right to the city:analysis of the Medellín. Rev. Ciudades Estados Política [online]. 2021, vol.8, n.2, pp.89-103.  Epub 13-Maio-2022. ISSN 2462-9103.

Urban armed conflict in Medellín is framed differently within the Colombian conflict of the last decades, both in its nature and in its dynamics and transformation. In the 1990s, Medellín's most violent era, this conflict claimed the lives of more than 45 000 people (Laboratorio de la Urbe, 2019, p. 40) and during its peak, in 1991, left 6810 dead (CNMH, 2017, p. 17). With this, it consolidated a legacy of mafia structures and a culture of illegality that still persists and configure tangible problems in the territory with direct consequences for the whole country. In this context, the goal of this paper is to analyze the role played by the development of the urban armed conflict in Medellin in relation to the guarantee of the right to the city, in the context of accelerated and unplanned urbanization. For that, the work is developed as qualitative research in documentary type, whose level is interpretative. Bibliography of academic articles, databases, and official information is reviewed to interweave research categories such as urban violence, urbanization, and the city's right to the city. A concise description of the urbanization process of Medellin in the 20th century and its relationship with the consolidation of the dynamics of urban violence is made. That was made to subsequently establish what is understood by the right to the city and the consequences of violence with respect to the enjoyment of this emerging human right. It is concluded that the constant presence of urban violence in Medellín represents an obstacle to guaranteeing the right to the city. An obstacle to the guarantee of human rights in the urban context, recognizing an institutional and social debt with a renewed urban life.

Palavras-chave : urban warfare; violence; urbanization; human rights; urban area.

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