Resumo

TAPIA-UGAZ, Liliana et al. Biological characterization of the biofouling in suspended culture systems of Argopecten purpuratus in Samanco Bay (Ancash, Peru). Caldasia [online]. 2022, vol.44, n.3, pp.567-582.  Epub 06-Jun-2024. ISSN 0366-5232.  https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v44n3.91786.

Biofouling is a byproduct associated to the culture of the mollusk Argopecten purpuratus, that impacts the coastal marine environment due to its inadequate disposition. This work aims to characterize the distribution of biofouling during the years 2017 to 2019 and its functional organization, information that will allow improving the crop and to develop a management system environmentally responsible. The samples were taken from suspended culture systems of the bivalve mollusk A. purpuratus in the Samanco Bay (Ancash, Peru). Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity, were measured monthly. The qualitative and quantitative analyses consisted of determining the species richness and abundance by recording their weight. A total of 80 taxa were recorded, 66 of these were identified to the species level. A total of 41 % of the organisms are encrusting, and include the phyla Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, Porifera, Cnidaria, Brachiochopoda, Bryozoa, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Chordata; of this 73 % are filter feeders. The remaining 59 % have some type of mobility, most are predators and include Polychaeta, Malacostraca, and Gastropoda. In addition, nine introduced species were registered: Ciona robusta, Ciona intestinalis, Bugula neritina, Bugulina sto-lonifera, Botrylloides violaceus, Caprella equilibra, Caprella scaura, Jassa slatteryi, and Scruparia ambigua. The species C. robusta, Semimytilus algosus, B. neritina, and Tubularia sp. are present throughout the year and represent 80 % of the biomass that makes up the community of fouling organisms. These results help to understand this complex diversity associated to the crop.

Palavras-chave : Biofouling; ecosystem engineering; epibionts; introduced species.

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