Abstract

ORTIZ-VALBUENA, Kely Lorena  and  ALVAREZ-LEON, Ricardo. EFFECT OF DUMPING OF BENEFIT PRODUCTS CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) ON SOME CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES IN SOILS OF A COCOA FARM, CITY OF YAGUARA (HUILA, COLOMBIA). Bol. Cient. Mus. Hist. Nat. Univ. Caldas [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.1, pp.65-84. ISSN 0123-3068.  https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2015.19.1.5.

Objectives: To determine the effect of the dumping of the byproducts of the benefit of cocoa on the floor, according to some chemical and biological properties in a cocoa farm in the town of Yaguará of Huila. Scope: Qualitative chemical inventory of collected oils and characterization based on their analysis. Methodology: Presence-Absence, using a hypothesis test with a level of reliability of 95% in this place, an area of 50 m² for the shell taking in to account the minimum level hiring handling two specific circumstances delineated. Analytical methods for physical properties: pH (potentiometric), and chemical: magnesium, potassium and calcium (NH₄OAc - AA), phosphorus (Bray II), Ca/Mg ratios and (Ca+Mg)/K (for relations cationic), for biological, and quantification of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, solubilizing phosphate (plate counts by plating surface). Main results: The variability of the parameters evaluated in soil is affected by discharges of exudates and accumulations of shells. He was presented are mark able variation of the assessed properties (pH, magnesium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, as well as the relationship between cation behavior in this work, due to the decomposition of organic materials deposited on the ground, rejecting the null hypothesis for each of the parameters evaluated. Effect of the dumping of the by products of the benefits of cocoa three biological parameters, evidence on the effect ocurred thus proving the hypothesis formulated for each of them. Regarding parameter fungi and heterotrophic bacteria was evidenced that this group of microorganism in T1-1 presented a population decline that could have been the result of low rainfall recorded in the dry season. Conclusions: Conclusive direct relationship that would not know if they are found. Shells or exudate that causes the greatest variation, because they took together were able to determine that the variability of the parameters considered in the soil that is affected by products, and some strategies are proposed for proper management: use of shells for animal feed, processing or pectinase fertilizer, after proper treatment in composting, also the exudates to prepare fermented or not, nectars or pH modifying agent for alkaline soils drinks.

Keywords : T. cacao; soil; shell; exudate; micro-organisms; Huila; Colombia.

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