Abstract

URREA TRUJILLO, Aura Inés; ATEHORTUA GARCES, Lucía  and  GALLEGO RUA, Adriana María. Regeneración vía embriogénesis somática de una variedad colombiana élite de Theobroma cacao L.. Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2011, vol.13, n.2, pp.39-50. ISSN 0123-3475.

In this research we evaluate two protocols of propagation via somatic embryogenesis from floral explants using two elite clones BIOB and ICS95 of Theobroma cacao L. We obtained 50 and 32% of embryogenic callus on ICS95 and BIOB respectively with Fontanel et al., (2002) protocol modified after three months of culture. The embryos went through four phases; Induction, Formation, Maduration and Mantenimiento which corresponded each one with different media culture. For secondary somatic embryogenesis we obtained 23% of embryos from primary somatic embryos in a medium with 1mg/L of 2,4,5 T (2,4,5 Triclorofenoxiacetic). Also we obtained plants that developed new roots applying pulses with IBA (Indol Butiric Acid) 0.5mg/L and 0.5g/L for a minute. The developed plants were moved to a mix of potting soil and sand (1:1) for their ex vitro adaptation, getting 66% of acclimatized plants. The histological analysis showed the typical characteristics of the embryogenic development. This is the first report where it is achieved the successful conversion to plantlets (68%) and ex vitro adaptation of a colombian cocoa variety via primary and secondary embryogenesis.

Keywords : Cacao; somatic embryos; in vitro propagation; tissue culture.

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